Kamis, 06 Oktober 2011

THREATS DUE TO DAMAGE CORAL REEFS

Remember seafood? ... That is highly nutritious food because amino acids of fish in the sea is very rich in variations. But are you aware that the habitat where fish live is threatened eviction due to coral reefs, fish houses are also traded, while the coral growth process takes hundreds of years!
Decision may lead to the destruction of coral reef coral will certainly also disrupt fish populations that live in coral reef ecosystems. Coral reefs are unique ecosystems and found in the tropics. This ecosystem has a very high organic productivity and gathering place for various types of reef fish, shrimp, algae, sea cucumbers, coral, pearls and so on.
Currently in Indonesia stated there are 13 genera (20 species) Sea biota are protected. One cause of the scarcity of coral reefs and marine life include overexploitation, pollution of marine waters by waste oil, trade and the destruction of coral reefs by actors who want to catch fish easily by way of bombing or poison the fish with cyanide.
Coral reefs in addition to functioning as a place to fish the productive life is also important for protecting the physical integrity of the beach. If coral reefs damaged, the result will be a torus eroded beach by the waves hit, even a small coral islands could disappear like a drowning that occurred on the island of tubers in Jakarta Bay.
There are two types of corals that need to be known, namely corals (stony corals) the skeleton forming material limestone exterior and soft corals (soft corals that have a skeleton made of horn substance. Biota or animals are the main reef-forming corals. Animals called coral polyps themselves .
In general, corals live in colonies consisting of thousands of polyps. Coral stone is taken for the purposes of building materials, road construction and other industrial uses. Coral stone dead if it will dry white and is now used for industrial lime, tiles and cement.
Biota-reef biota have a diversity of colors and shapes vary macarn. There is a dark, black, red, blue, yellow, orange, green, brown and other colors. Biota of coral reefs has become the target collection for commercial purposes for example, the manufacture of marine aquarium.
Coral reef ecosystems have a high aesthetic value in nature. Beautiful coral is used as a natural tourist attraction (ekohnisme) nautical stunning, colorful coral strange shaped like an inanimate object, but actually meraka are living creatures who actively search for prey.
The beauty of coral reefs can be seen from the surface of a calm sea at Marine Park in the Thousand Islands area of ​​Jakarta, Bunaken Marine Park in North Sulawesi Sea or Garden of Paradise in Irian Jaya. Watching the reefs that you can swim float on the sea surface using a snorkel and mask.
Trade is one of the destruction of coral reef ecosystems.
Trade coral reefs are not only regional sector melibatkon (a country) but now it has become menginternasional. Developing countries, especially those that require an increase in foreign exchange on Monmigas sector ', bahliari have done the export of coral reefs on a large scale.
Indonesia, Malaysia, Taiwan, Fiji, and India has recorded each exporting more than 50 tons of raw rock to America. In the mid-1970s the Philippines has been exporting recorded more than 1980 tons of raw coral. This number decreased in early 1977 because of the freezing trade in the Philippines. After 1986, after re-freezing thawed, the Philippines was exporting 689 tons of crude to the U.S. reefs.
So far, the largest importer is the U.S. with the amount of 1400 tons in 1986. Export of raw coral Indonesia itself to the U.S., based on existing records in 1988, reaching nearly 400 tons.
In addition to raw rock, some types of processed commodities derived from coral reefs are a crafts and jewelry. Some species are listed as an important type of trade is the "nobel coral" or Coralium rubrum, C. japonicum, C. elatiou, and C konojoi.
The craftsmen who traded exports are European countries, especially Italy's special craft made of the kinds of coral as a commodity and decoration of the famous, such as vases of flowers, the size and shape of other crafts.
In Asia and the Middle East, the root bahar (Anihipates spp) have traditionally been traded in the form of amulets or beads that is believed to prevent diseases and evil spirits pcngaruh. Currently there are 150 kinds of roots bahar currently included in CITES appendix II listing.
Form of bracelets, earrings, craft items and a variety of forms that is processed from the root Bahar is the most frequently traded for tourists in Southeast Asia and the Pacific.
For that we need strict controls to prevent destructive exploitation. Coral reef ecosystem is very important to support fish farming, seaweed, pearl oysters, and the stability of the ecosystem to the physical condition of marine waters has not changed.
In Indonesia, efforts supervise and control the wealth of the sea, of course not easy, because about 62 percent (3.1 million sq km) area of ​​Indonesia is the sea. For that, one way to effectively conserve and manage our marine resources is by way of utilization based on sustainable development.

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